Sound

ADR
ADR stands for Automated/ Automatic Dialog Replacement. Dialog that cannot be taken from production tracks must be re-recorded the process is called looping or ADR. This initially meant recording an actor who spoke lines in sync to "loops" of the image which were repeated alongwith matching parts of the recording tape. Although ADR is faster it is still a long meticulous job. An actor watches the image over and over while listening to the original production track on headphones as a guide. The actor then re-performs each line to match the lip movements. Actors vary in their ability to record it in sync and to recapture the emotional tone of their original performance

Diegetic sound
This is sound that is present in the “film's world”, anything that the characters are meant to hear for example a scream, creaking floor boards or a car engine.

Non Diegetic Sound
This is all the sounds that we as the audience can hear, but the characters in the film cant such as a narrator’s voice over or music.

On Screen
This is the sound that we can hear and we can see where it’s coming from because it’s happening in the shot.

Off Screen
Off Screens sounds are sounds we can hear but we cant see the source of them, we cant see what’s making the sounds as it’s happening out of shot, for example a scream or a knock at the door.

Foley Track
A sound effects technique for synchronous effects or live effects. The Foley technique is named after Jack Foley, a sound editor at Universal Studios. Foley artists enhance and create sounds to be added after filming. For example if the actors knock on the door wasn’t loud enough in the shot they would ask the Foley artists to enhance it.

Sound Bridges
When sound (music or dialogue) overlaps from when changing scenes. For example the dialogue in the previous scene is still being played at the beginning of the next scene, or the music from the next scene begins to play at the end on the previous scene. This creates a better fluency for the film and makes it less choppy.

Synchronous Sound
This is also known as Parallel sound. It is Music that matches with the action. For example frightening music during a frightening scene, funny, silly music in a comedic scene.

Asynchronous Sound
Also known as Contrapuntal Sound. Music that contrast with the action, for example happy, funny music playing in torturous, scary scenes.